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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mood illness and mental health condition characterised by abrupt changes in mood, energy levels, thought processes, and behaviour. These fluctuations, which may last for several hours, days, weeks or even months, may interfere with the capacity to carry out daily tasks. There are various different types of bipolar illness, but they are all characterised by severe mood fluctuations known as hypomanic/manic and depressive episodes. However, bipolar illness individuals do not always experience hypomanic, manic, or depressive episodes. Additionally, they experience euthymic episodes, or periods of chronic condition.

Types of bipolar disorders

Manic episodes have taken place during one or more manic episodes in individuals with bipolar I disorder. Although a depressive episode is not necessary for diagnosis, most people will go through phases of both mania and sadness. Typically, the depressive episodes last for two weeks or longer. In order to be diagnosed with bipolar I, manic episodes must last at least seven days or be so severe that hospitalisation is necessary. Patients with bipolar I may also experience mixed states, or episodes in which they display both manic and depressive symptoms. Hypomanic and depressive episodes are frequent in people with bipolar II disorder. They never experience a full manic episode, a symptom of bipolar I disorder. Because of the chronic depression, bipolar II disorder is typically more incapacitating than bipolar I illness, even if hypomania is less severe than manic episodes and is more common in bipolar II.

Cyclothymic disease (cyclothymia) The hallmark of manic-depressive disorder is a consistently unstable mood. Cyclothymics may experience euthymia, or brief periods of normal mood, but these rarely last longer than eight weeks on average. Other specified and unspecified bipolar and related disorders: If a person has endured times of significant clinical aberrant mood elevation but does not fulfil the clinical definition for bipolar I, II, or cyclothymic disorder, it is regarded to have other stated or undefined bipolar illness.

People with bipolar II disorder frequently have hypomanic and depressed episodes. A full manic episode, a bipolar I disorder symptom, never happens to them. Even while hypomania is less severe than manic episodes and is more common in bipolar II, bipolar II condition is often more incapacitating than bipolar I illness due to the chronic depression.

Cirotypic illness (cyclothymia)

A persistently unstable mood is a defining feature of manic-depressive disorder. Euthymia, or brief episodes of normal mood, can occur in cyclothymics, but these rarely endure longer than eight weeks on average.